|
A |
A-Type Warehouse: A
public customs warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty)
in which anyone can store anything. See also C, D, E. |
|
ABC |
Activity- Based
Costing : common accounting method used, for example, where there are a
number of different clients in a shared warehouse. Also "ABC Analysis" or
"ABC Classification": the classification of different stock items in a
warehouse in accordance with their importance (e.g. individual sales
volumes) - where Class A contains items with the highest volume and Class C
the lowest (aka "Distribution by Value"). |
|
ABM |
Activity-Based
Management : application of ABC (Activity-Based Costing) to business
performance. |
|
ABP |
Asset-Based Provider
|
|
ACR |
All-Commodity Rate |
|
ADP |
Automatic Data Processing
|
|
ADR |
Regulations for
international movements of hazardous goods by road (see also IMDG, RID).
|
|
AEA |
Association of European
Airlines |
|
AFH |
Away From Home: FMCG-type
products used away from home - e.g. those found in industrial, hotel or
institutional applications. |
|
AGV |
Automated Guided Vehicle:
also AGVS ("Automated Guided Vehicle System"). |
|
aka |
also known as |
|
ANA |
Article Numbering
Association: see also EAN. |
|
ANSI |
American National Standards
Institute: US standards organization (see also BSI, ISO). |
|
AOC |
Agent of Change |
|
APS |
Advanced Planning &
Scheduling: manufacturers' approach to planning and scheduling which
deals directly with the constraints of production capacity and materials
availability. |
|
AQR |
Any Quantity Rate: a
fixed rate for transport, with no discount available for larger shipments. |
|
AR |
Automatic Replenishment:
an extension of QR and CR where suppliers assume responsibility for retail
inventories and replenishment (aka "Profile Replenishment"). |
|
ASN |
Advanced Shipping
Notification: electronic pre-notification of an upcoming shipment to
the next stage in the supply chain. |
|
ASP |
Application Service Provider:
application hosting and online network infrastructure for software vendors
and end-users. |
|
ASRS |
Automated Storage and
Retrieval System: automated warehousing. |
|
ATA |
Admission Temporaire:
or temporary admission (Customs Warehousing term). Also "American Trucking
Associations.” |
|
ATS |
Automatic Transportation
System. |
|
AVI |
Automatic Vehicle
Identification: applications of this new technology include detecting
stolen vehicles and collecting tolls via electronic road pricing. |
|
AVL |
Automatic Vehicle Location:
electronic location of vehicles using satellite or ground-based tracking.
See also AVI, IVHS. |
|
AWB |
Air Way Bill |
|
B2B |
Business-to-Business |
|
BACS |
Bankers' Automated Clearing
System |
|
BAF |
Bunker Adjustment Factor |
|
BBC |
Bumper to Back of Cab:
distance between the front bumper of a commercial vehicle and the back of
its cab. |
|
BBP |
Business-to-Business
Procurement |
|
bhp |
brake horsepower: unit
of engine power. |
|
BI |
Business Intelligence |
|
B/L |
Bill of Lading. Also:
SBOL, TBOL. |
|
BOL |
Bill of Lading. Usually B/L. |
|
BOM |
Bill of Material |
|
BPI |
Business Process
Improvement: business improvement practice using performance
measurement to reduce or eliminate non-value added activities or costs,
while at least maintaining quality, productivity, etc. |
|
BPO |
Business Process
Optimization (see also eBPO) |
|
BPR |
Business Process
Re-engineering |
|
BWS |
Beers, Wines and Spirits |
|
C |
C-Type Warehouse: A
physical Customs Warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty)
in which the warehouse keeper takes on full responsibility for the goods
stored, or owns them. See also A, D, E. |
|
C21 |
Customs Clearance Request
using form C21. |
|
C&F |
Cost and Freight: price
includes goods and transport. |
|
CAD |
Cash Against Documents or
"Computer-Aided Design.” |
|
CAF |
Currency Adjustment Factor
or "Cost And Freight" |
|
CALS
CALS |
Continuous Acquisition &
Life-cycle Support: strategy for streamlining business processes
information exchange within an organization (formerly known as
"Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics Support"). |
|
CAO |
Computer-Assisted Ordering:
computerized generation of store replenishment orders from POS, PI and
shelf-stock data. |
|
CAST-DPM |
Computer-Aided Strategy and
Tactics - Distribution Planning Model: proprietary software package
designed to optimize vehicle fleets, depot locations, warehouse layouts,
etc. |
|
CBD |
Cash Before Delivery |
|
CC |
Cubic Centimeters (e.g.
engine size). Or "Cubic Capacity" (e.g. volume of truck body). Also "Carbon
Copy.” |
|
CCR |
Capacity Constraining
Resource: a bottleneck. |
|
CCTV |
Closed Circuit Television:
often used in security. |
|
CDG |
Carriage of Dangerous Goods:
usually expressed as either "CDG Road" or "CDG Rail.” |
|
CDL |
Commercial Driving License |
|
CFBR |
Customs Freight Business
Review |
|
CFCs |
Chlorofluorocarbons:
range of chemicals at one time widely used in packaging, propellants and
refrigerants but now believed to be responsible for the destruction of ozone
in the upper atmosphere and consequently global warming. |
|
CFD |
Continuous Flow Distribution |
|
CFR |
Cost and Freight: also
"CAF." |
|
CFSP |
Customs Freight Simplified
Procedures: rapid release of imports by customs via EDI. |
|
CFT |
Cross-Functional Team:
a multi-skilled team. |
|
CHIEF |
Customs Handling of Import &
Export Freight. See also IES and MSS. |
|
CIE |
Customs Input of Entries |
|
CIES |
The Food Business Forum
(Paris) |
|
CIF |
Cost, Insurance & Freight:
i.e. price includes cost (of goods), insurance and transport. |
|
CIM |
International convention on
the movement of freight by rail. |
|
CKD |
Complete Knock-Down:
e.g. deconstruction of vehicles (etc.) for subsequent re-assembly at
destination. See also SKD. |
|
CL |
Carload: a rail freight
term. |
|
CLM |
Council of Logistics
Management. |
|
CLO |
Chief Logistics Officer |
|
CLR |
Competitive Line Rate:
a rail freight term. |
|
CMR |
International convention for
the carriage of goods by road. |
|
CNG |
Compressed Natural Gas:
used as motor fuel (see also LNG, LPG). |
|
COA |
Cab Over Engine: truck
design where cab unit is positioned directly over the engine. |
|
COD |
Cash On Delivery: see
also CWO. |
|
COFC |
Container On a Flatcar:
see also TOFC. |
|
COGSA |
Carriage of Goods by Sea Act
(USA). |
|
COO |
Chief Operating Officer: see
also CEO. |
|
CofI |
Certificate of Inspection |
|
CofM |
Certificate of Manufacture.
Also COM. |
|
CofO |
Certificate of Origin |
|
CofS |
Certificate of Shipment |
|
COM |
Certificate of Manufacture.
Also CofM. |
|
CPC |
Certificate of Professional
Competence: a professional standard for UK road haulage operators,
administered by the DETR. Also "Customs Procedure Code.” |
|
CPFR |
Collaborative Planning,
Forecasting & Replenishment |
|
CPG |
Consumer Packaged Goods:
see also FMCG. |
|
CPT |
Carriage Paid To |
|
CR |
Continuous Replenishment:
a modification of QR which eliminates the need for replenishment orders
individual customer's purchases trigger manufacturing and distribution. See
also AR and VMI. |
|
CRM |
Customer Relationship
Management: management concept founded on the discovery that a 5%
increase in customer retention can increase a company's profitability by
25—125%. |
|
CRP |
Capacity Requirements
Planning: the process of establishing, measuring and adjusting limits
or levels of capacity - e.g. to determine the human and machine resources
required for production. |
|
CRT |
Continuously Regenerating
Trap: vehicle exhaust system claimed to substantially reduce
potentially harmful emissions when used with ULSD. |
|
CS |
Customer Service |
|
CSRGT |
Continuing Survey of Road
Goods Transport: UK government survey. |
|
CT |
Channel Tunnel: the
22-mile rail tunnel linking the UK and France. |
|
CUSDEC |
Customs Declaration message. |
|
CUSRES |
Customs Response message. |
|
CV |
Commercial Vehicle: a
truck. |
|
CVO |
Commercial Vehicle
Operations |
|
CWO |
Cash With Order: see also
COD. |
|
D |
D-Type Warehouse: A
Customs Warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty) where
the value, nature and quantity of goods stored are established when the
goods arrive (but not when they leave). See also A, C, E. |
|
DAF |
Delivered At Frontier |
|
DC |
Distribution Center. Also
RDC, NDC, EDC, IDC. |
|
DCC |
Dedicated Contract Carriage:
dedicated contract transport service. |
|
DCM |
Distribution Channel
Management: strategic management of direct and indirect supply
channels. |
|
DDE |
Direct Data Entry |
|
DDP |
Delivery with Duty Paid: see
also "DDU.” |
|
DDR |
Driver's Daily Report |
|
DDU |
Delivery with Duty Unpaid:
see also "DDP.” |
|
DEQ |
Delivery Ex-Quay |
|
DES |
Delivery Ex-Ship |
|
DI |
Direct Input |
|
DIY |
Do-it-Yourself:
home-improvement merchandise. |
|
DM |
Depot Manager or "Depot
Maintenance." |
|
DOA |
Dead On Arrival:
imperfect delivery. |
|
DOG |
Daily Order Generation |
|
DOT |
US Department of
Transportation (e.g. US): full title in UK is "Department of the
Environment, Transport and the Regions" (DETR). |
|
DPO |
Documentary Proof of Origin |
|
DRP |
Distribution Requirements
Planning: sophisticated planning technique where consumer demand sets
inventory levels. See also MRP. |
|
DSD |
Direct to Store Delivery:
a retail delivery which has not passed through an RDC. |
|
DTD |
Door-to-Door delivery
service. |
|
DUP |
Duty Unpaid |
|
DWT |
Dead Weight Tonnage:
ship's cargo capacity. |
|
E |
E-Type Warehouse: A
public Customs Warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty)
where trader and trader's system are authorized for warehousing, with goods
stored at notified storage facilities. See also A, C, D. |
|
E&IC |
Excise & Inland Customs |
|
EAI |
Enterprise Application
Integration |
|
EAN |
European Article Numbering:
bar code system used primarily in the retail industry and controlled by the
European Article Numbering Association. |
|
EAS |
Electronic Article
Surveillance: popular item security system used by retailers, based on
magnetic tags. |
|
eBPO |
Electronic Business Process
Optimization |
|
ECA |
Electronic Commerce
Association |
|
ECR |
Efficient Consumer Response:
logistics discipline involving the synchronization of suppliers' and
retailers' supply chains to reduce stocks. If stocks are cut then supply
chains must be able to respond more efficiently to changes in consumer
demand - i.e. they must make an "efficient consumer response.” (See also AR,
CR, ER, QR, etc.) |
|
ECU |
European Currency Unit:
early name for the Euro. |
|
EDC |
European Distribution Centre:
see also RDC, NDC, IDC. Also "Electronic Data Capture.” |
|
EDI |
Electronic Data Interchange:
electronic transfer of data - especially sales volumes, stocks, orders, etc.
See also FEDI, TEDIS. |
|
EDIFACT |
Electronic Data Interchange
for Administration, Commerce & Transport: a UN initiative. |
|
EFT |
Electronic Funds Transfer |
|
EFTPoS |
Electronic Fund Transfer
Point of Sale: EPoS for financial data. |
|
EFR |
Efficient Foodservice
Response: ECR for the catering trade. |
|
EHS |
Electronic Home Shopping:
shopping via the Internet. |
|
ELC |
Export Letter of Credit:
see also L/C, ILC. |
|
EOQ |
Economic Order Quantity |
|
EPoS |
Electronic Point of Sale:
system for capturing sales data at the checkout. |
|
EPS |
Earnings Per Share |
|
EPU |
Entry Processing Unit |
|
ER |
Efficient Replenishment or
Effective Replenishment: a facet of ECR. |
|
ERP |
Enterprise Resource Planning:
integration of technology to run all manufacturing and related processes
across an entire enterprise. Also "Electronic Road Pricing." |
|
ERTS |
Enhanced Remote Transit Shed |
|
ESP |
Events Stock Planning:
planning technique for those without Extra Sensory Perception. |
|
ETA |
Estimated Time of Arrival |
|
EU |
European Union:
a group of 15 European countries (member states), including the UK, which
are working towards a system of ever-closer union. The EU's population is
about 370 million. See also EFTA. |
|
EUL |
Efficient Unit Loads |
|
EV |
Electric Vehicle |
|
EVA |
Economic Value Added |
|
4PL |
Fourth-Party Logistics
Provider. A company that coordinates the activity of one or more 3PL’s on
behalf of a customer. |
|
FAK |
Freight All Kinds |
|
FAS |
Free Alongside: price
includes delivery of goods alongside ship at port of export. See also FOB.
Also "Flexible Accounting System.” |
|
FB |
Freight Bill |
|
FBO |
Fixed-Base Operator |
|
FC&S |
Free of Capture & Seizure:
clause which excludes war risks from a marine insurance policy. |
|
FCI |
Freight Carriage & Insurance:
price includes transport and insurance. |
|
FCL |
Full Container Load |
|
FCP |
Freight Carriage Paid |
|
FCR |
Forwarders' Certificate of
Receipt: negotiable banking document. |
|
FEDI |
Financial Electronic Data
Interchange. See also EDI. |
|
FEU |
Forty-Foot Equivalent Unit:
a standard measure for containers (see also TEU). |
|
FF |
Freight Forwarder |
|
FFS |
Finite Forward Scheduling:
manufacturers' scheduling approach which assumes there is a finite
production capacity (c.f. the "infinite" capacity assumptions of MRP II
planning). |
|
FID |
Foreign Income Dividend |
|
FIEO |
Federation of Indian Export
Organisations |
|
FIFO |
First In First Out:
warehousing term, meaning that the oldest inventory (first in) is the first
to be used (first out). See also LIFO. |
|
FLT |
Fork Lift Truck |
|
FMC |
Fully Mission Capable:
a system that works. (See also NMC.) |
|
FMCG |
Fast Moving Consumer Goods:
i.e. food, drink, pharmaceuticals, household products, etc. |
|
FMI |
Food Marketing Institute:
US food industry trade association. |
|
FOB |
Free On Board: point
during transportation where title, transport costs, risk, etc. transfer from
seller to another party (e.g. FOB Truck, FOB Vessel, FOB Warehouse). See
also FAS, FOR, FOT. Also "Freight On Board.” |
|
FOC |
Free of Charge |
|
FOR |
Free On Rail: point
during transportation where title, transport costs, risk, etc. transfer from
seller to another party (see also FOB, FOT). |
|
FOT |
Free On Truck:
point during transportation where title, transport costs, risk, etc.
transfer from seller to another party (see also FOB, FOR).
|
|
fpm |
feet per minute |
|
FSD |
Final Supplementary
Declaration: Customs term. Also "Full Scale Development.” |
|
FSDC |
Full Service Distribution
Company |
|
FSR |
Field Stock Room: small
regional storage area for particularly quick response logistics (e.g. two
hours for computer spares). |
|
FSTL |
Full Service Truck Lease:
commercial vehicle lease, including servicing, etc. |
|
FTZ |
Foreign Trade Zone |
|
FUF |
First Updated Forecast |
|
GATT |
General Agreement on Tariffs
& Trade |
|
GAWR |
Gross Axle Weight Rating:
manufacturer's rating of the maximum load that an axle can support. |
|
GCW |
Gross Combined Weight:
total weight of a loaded drawbar vehicle. |
|
GFA |
Global Freight Agreement |
|
GKN |
A pallet. |
|
GOH |
Garments on Hanger |
|
GLN |
Global Location Number |
|
GM |
General Maintenance:
routine or scheduled maintenance (see also IM, OM). Also "General Manager." |
|
GMA |
Grocery Manufacturers of
America: US food industry trade association. |
|
GPS |
Global Positioning System:
satellite based location system, used in vehicle positioning. |
|
GRN |
Goods Returned Note or Goods
Received Note |
|
GSP |
Generalized System of
Preferences: certificate from HM Customs allowing reduced rate of duty
on a UK import. |
|
GST |
General Systems Theory:
the common basic features of all social, organic and mechanical systems. |
|
GTW |
Gross Tare Weight: see
also TW and GVW. |
|
GVW |
Gross Vehicle Weight:
maximum rated weight of a truck, including its cargo. See also TW. |
|
H&L |
Home & Leisure merchandise. |
|
H&R |
Hire and Reward: e.g.
the third-party road haulage sector (contrast with OAO). |
|
H&S |
Health & Safety. Also HSE:
Health & Safety Executive. |
|
HA |
Highways Agency: UK
government agency responsible for trunk roads and motorways. |
|
HCI |
Human-Computer Interface |
|
HGV |
Heavy Goods Vehicle: a
truck. See also LGV. |
|
HHT |
Hand Held Terminal:
bar-code scanner or other portable data input device. |
|
HLOP |
High Level Order Picker:
see also LLOP, ROLLOP. |
|
hp |
Horsepower: unit of
power (see also bhp). Also "Hire Purchase." |
|
HPT |
Hand Pallet Truck |
|
IATA |
International Air Transport
Association |
|
IBC |
Intermediate Bulk Containers |
|
ICC |
Interstate Commerce
Commission (USA) |
|
ICD |
Inland Clearance Depot |
|
ICHCA |
International Cargo Handling Co-ordination Association:
UK-based international trade association. |
|
IDC |
International Distribution
Center. Also RDC, NDC, EDC. |
|
IES |
Import-Export System:
see also CHIEF, MSS. |
|
IFWLA |
International Federation of
Warehousing Logistics Associations. |
|
IGD |
Institute of Grocery
Distribution (UK) |
|
IHT |
Institution of Highways and
Transportation: UK-based trade association. |
|
IIP |
Investors In People |
|
IL |
Integrated Logistics |
|
ILC |
Irrevocable Letter of Credit:
see also L/C, ELC. |
|
ILS |
Integrated Logistics Support |
|
IM |
Intermediate Maintenance:
specialized maintenance (see also GM, OM). |
|
IMDG |
Regulations for
international movement of hazardous goods by sea. See also ADR, RID. |
|
IMS |
Inventory Management System:
see WMS. Also "Institute of Management Services" (UK). |
|
INTRA |
A system for collecting EU
internal trade statistics. |
|
IPE |
Industrial Plant & Equipment |
|
IPR |
Inward Processing Relief:
Customs term (see also OPR). Also "In Process Review.” |
|
IRD |
Inland Rail Depot |
|
IS |
Information System |
|
ISDN |
Integrated Services Digital
Network: standard medium for transmitting voice, video and data over
networks. |
|
ISO |
International Standards
Organization. Geneva-based standards organization, represented in the UK by
the BSI and in the USA by ANSI. Also "ISO container" (a standard stackable
container) and, for example, ISO9000 (a quality standard). |
|
IT |
Information Technology:
computer hardware, software, the Internet, etc. Also Industrial Tribunal. |
|
ITP |
International Trade
Prototype: proposal for seamless movement of goods between exporters
and importers across borders, involving links between different customs
agencies. |
|
ITS |
Intelligent Transportation
System: combination of technologies designed to increase efficiency
across a variety of transport modes. See also IVHS. |
|
ITT |
Invitation to Tender |
|
ITV |
In-Transit Visibility:
tracking system. |
|
IVHS |
Intelligent Vehicle Handling
System: combination of technologies designed to make road transport
more efficient. See also ITS. |
|
IWLA |
International
Warehouse Logistics Association. The single, unified voice of the world
warehouse logistics industry, representing 3PLs and corporate logistics
operations, as well as suppliers to the industry, educators, students, etc.
A web-based, market-driven organization offering a unique blend of essential
services to warehouse logistics companies worldwide. Please bookmark the
current site (www.iwla.com)
for future reference. |
|
JCCC |
Joint Customs Consultative
Committee |
|
JIC |
Join Industry Group, US
based customs organization |
|
JIT |
Just in Time: logistics
discipline requiring increased frequency and regularity of deliveries to
reduce stocks in the supply chain. Frequently used in manufacturing to cut
or even eliminate component stocks. See also MRP. |
|
JTL |
Just Too Late: The
result of JIT without JIC! |
|
kph |
kilometers per hour |
|
KPI |
Key Performance Indicator |
|
LA |
Local Authority |
|
LAN |
Local Area Network:
network with a geographical span under a mile (see also WAN). |
|
L&D |
Loss and Damage |
|
L/C |
Letter of Credit. Also ELC,
ILC. |
|
LCC |
Life Cycle Costs: used
in evaluating the real cost of physical resources, including environmental
costs (e.g. recycling). |
|
LCL |
Less than Container Load:
container grouping. Also "Less than Carload": a rail freight term. |
|
LCO |
Local Control Office:
usually an E&IC office. |
|
LCV |
Long Combination Vehicle:
a very long commercial vehicle rig (e.g. with twin or triple trailers). |
|
LD |
Logistics Demonstration |
|
LDDC |
Least Developed Developing
Country |
|
LEA |
Logistics Evaluation
Agency |
|
LES |
Logistics Execution Systems |
|
LGV |
Light Goods Vehicle. See
also "HGV.” |
|
LIFO |
Last In First Out:
warehousing term, meaning that the most recently received (last in) items
are the first to be used or sold (first out). See also FIFO. |
|
LIS |
Logistics Information System |
|
LL |
Lean Logistics: also L²
- efficient logistics. |
|
LLOP |
Low Level Order Picker:
see also HLOP, ROLLOP, etc. |
|
LMS |
Logistics Management Systems |
|
LNG |
Liquid Natural Gas:
used as motor fuel (see also CNG, LPG). NB: LNG is more than twice as dense
as CNG. |
|
Lo/Lo |
Lift-on/Lift-off:
container transshipment system. See also Ro/Ro. |
|
LOB |
Line of Business |
|
LPG |
Liquid Petroleum Gas:
used as motor fuel (see also LNG, CNG). |
|
LR |
Load Range: tire rating
classification based on a code letter (see also PR). |
|
LRC |
Learning Resource Center:
workplace library/information center. |
|
LRN |
Logistics Research Network:
a SIG within the IOL. |
|
LSA |
Logistics Support Analysis |
|
LSP |
Logistics Service Provider:
logistics contractor |
|
Ltd |
Limited: limited
liability company whose shares are not traded publicly (UK). See also "PLC.” |
|
LTL |
Less Than Truckload:
part load. |
|
LWB |
Long Wheel-Base: large
vehicle (see also SWB). |
|
MBO |
Management Buy Out. |
|
MDP |
Management Development
Partnership |
|
MHE |
Mechanical Handling
Equipment (see also FLT, HPT, PPT, HLOP, etc.) |
|
MI |
Market Investigation |
|
MIS |
Management Information
System |
|
MOA |
Memorandum Of Agreement |
|
MOAL |
Management Of All Logistics:
total supply chain management. |
|
mpg |
miles per gallon |
|
mph |
miles per hour |
|
MPS |
Master Production Scheduling |
|
MPT |
Manpower, Personnel and
Training |
|
MPV |
Multi-Purpose Vehicle |
|
MR |
Materials Replenishment |
|
MRO |
Maintenance, Repair &
Operations: supplies used in support of general operations and maintenance
- e.g. spare parts and consumables. |
|
MRP |
Manufacturing Requirements
Planning (aka "Manufacturing Resource Planning"): production-led
planning technique seen as precursor to JIT. Now revived as MRP II. See also
DRP. |
|
MSS |
Management Support System
see also CHIEF, IES. |
|
NABL |
National Assessment Board
for Logistics: UK assessment body for logistics qualifications (part of
IOL). See also ECBL. |
|
NAFTA |
North American Free Trade
Agreement |
|
NCS |
Nominated Carrier Scheme:
retailer specifies which carrier(s) should be used by suppliers to transport
merchandise into its distribution centers. |
|
NCTS |
New Community Transit System:
customs proposal to enhance control and tracking of CT shipments. NCTS will
link 22 EU, EFTA and Visigrad customs authorities into a network, with the
primary intention of preventing fraud. |
|
NDC |
National Distribution Center:
same as RDC, but with distribution on a national rather than regional basis.
See also EDC, IDC. |
|
NMC |
Not Mission Capable: a
system which doesn't work yet (see also FMC). |
|
NOA |
Notice of Arrival |
|
NPI |
New Product Introduction |
|
NPSE |
Non-Powered Support
Equipment. See also PSE. |
|
NRMCS |
National Road Maintenance
Condition Survey: On-going survey of condition of all road types
(except motorways) in England & Wales. |
|
NRP |
Network Resource Planning |
|
NRTF |
National Road Traffic
Forecasts |
|
N/S |
No Stock or Nil Stock |
|
NTA |
National Transportation
Agency (USA). Also "National Transportation Act of 1987" (USA). |
|
NTPSC |
National Transportation
Policy Study Commission (USA) |
|
NVQ |
National Vocational
Qualification |
|
NVOCC |
Non-Vessel Operating Common
Carrier: consolidator of small ocean shipments. |
|
O |
Operator: as in "O-License"
- a license to operate commercial vehicles. |
|
O&O |
Operational & Organizational |
|
OAO |
Own Account Operator:
e.g. the in-house road haulage sector (contrast with H&R - ). |
|
OS&D |
Order Short and/or Damaged:
imperfect delivery. |
|
OB |
Open Book: contractor
accounting system which is transparent to clients. |
|
OC |
Order Cycle: time
and/or operations between order placement and final delivery. |
|
OE |
Order Entry. See also OP. |
|
OEM |
Original Equipment
Manufacturer: a manufacturer that buys and incorporates another
supplier's products into its own products. |
|
OF |
Order Fill: percentage
of all orders fulfilled without relying on re-stocking. |
|
OM |
Organizational Maintenance:
routine maintenance (see also GM, IM). |
|
OOS |
Out of Stock: avoidable
condition. |
|
OP |
Order Processing. See also
OE. |
|
OPR |
Outward Processing Relief:
Customs term (see also IPR). |
|
OPT |
Optimized Production
Technology |
|
OSHA |
Occupational Safety & Health
Administration (USA) |
|
OSTS |
Order Status &
Tracking System: state of the art order tracking and tracing, developed
by
International Supply Chain Ltd
(ISC). |
|
P&D |
Pick-up & Delivery. See also
P/D. |
|
P&L |
Profit & Loss |
|
PB |
Pick Bin. Also "piggyback"
(see also TOFC). |
|
PD |
per diem: by the day. |
|
P/D |
Pick/Drop: e.g. a
pick-up and drop-off station. See also P&D, S/R. |
|
PDI |
Pre-Delivery Inspection:
manufacturer's inspection (and modification/enhancement as required) of new
cars prior to delivery to customer or dealer. |
|
PDM |
Physical Distribution
Management: aka logistics. Also "Product Development & Management.” |
|
PE |
Period Entry: Customs
term. |
|
PFC |
Processing for Free
Circulation: Customs term. |
|
PHS |
Packaging, Handling &
Storage |
|
PI |
Perpetual Inventory |
|
PLC |
Public Limited Company:
one of two types of limited liability company (see also "Ltd"), whose shares
are traded on the London Stock Exchange. Also "Programmable Logic
Controller.” |
|
PLG |
Private & Light Goods:
vehicle tax class. |
|
PLL |
Prescribed Load List |
|
PM10 |
Particulate Matter:
airborne emissions of small particles from engines, tires and brakes. The
subscript 10 refers to the most commonly used indicator, where a sampler
collects particles of which 50% are smaller than 10µm. The resultant
material is known as PM10. |
|
PO |
Purchase Order |
|
POC |
Point Of Contact |
|
POD |
Proof of Delivery |
|
POL |
Petroleum, Oil & Lubricants |
|
POQ |
Period Order Quantity |
|
POS |
Point of Sale: see also
EPoS and EFTPoS. |
|
PPM |
Periodic Preventative
Maintenance |
|
PPP |
Public-Private Partnership |
|
PPT |
Powered Pallet Truck |
|
PR |
Ply Rating: tire rating
classification based on a code number (see also LR). |
|
PS |
Product Supply. Also
"Postscript" and sometimes "Pieces.” |
|
PSE |
Powered Support Equipment.
See also NPSE. |
|
PSI |
Pounds per Square Inch
- measurement of pressure (e.g. tires). |
|
PTO |
Power Take-Off - usually a
hydraulic pump connected to a vehicle's main engine, used to drive auxiliary
equipment. |
|
QFD |
Quality Function Deployment:
production technique focusing on improving quality and communication, to
translate customer needs into effective processes and products (aka "House
of Quality"). |
|
QR |
Quick Response:
collaborative effort by retailers and manufacturers to increase inventory
velocity while matching supply to consumer demand. See also CR and AR. |
|
QSHE |
Quality, Safety, Health and
Environment |
|
R&M |
Repair and Maintenance |
|
RCCP |
Rough Cut Capacity Planning:
process of converting the master production schedule into requirements for
key resources, often including personnel, machinery, warehouse space,
suppliers' capabilities, and, in some cases, finance. |
|
RDC |
Regional Distribution Center:
one of a network of large warehouses operated for a single retailer where
merchandise is consolidated prior to delivery to its local stores. See also
NDC, EDC, IDC. |
|
RDI |
Radio Data Interchange:
see also RFDC. |
|
RDR |
Retail Delivery Record:
paper-based delivery manifest. |
|
RDT |
Radio Data Terminal:
portable terminal used for the real-time collection and transmission of
inventory data by RFDC. |
|
RF |
Radio Frequency: see
RFDC. |
|
RFDC |
Radio Frequency Data
Communications: data communications technology that is rapidly becoming
the standard for real-time inventory control. |
|
RFI |
Request For Information:
precursor to an RFP. |
|
RFID |
Radio Frequency
Identification Data: electronic tags which replace conventional
barcodes. |
|
RFP |
Request For Proposal:
document that invites bids or quotations from suppliers. |
|
RFQ |
Request For Quote:
see RFP. |
|
RGS |
Railway Group
Standards: technical standards for the design, construction and
maintenance of railway stock (see also PO/CL). |
|
RH&D |
Receipt, Handling and
Dispatch |
|
RID |
Regulations for
international movement of hazardous goods by rail. See also ADR, IMDG. |
|
RL |
Reverse Logistics:
recycling and disposal. |
|
RMS |
Retail Management Systems |
|
ROI |
Return on Investment |
|
ROLLOP |
Rider-Operated Low-Level
Order Picking truck: see also LLOP. |
|
ROP |
Re-Order Point |
|
Ro/Ro |
Roll-on/Roll-off: drive
on ferry service for accompanied trailers. See also Lo/Lo. |
|
RP |
Requirements Planning:
an alternative type of supply-driven logistics control technique to JIT ().
See also DRP. |
|
RPM |
Revolutions Per Minute
- measure of the speed of an engine. |
|
RTP |
Returnable Transit Packaging:
re-usable transit systems - typically tote boxes, set hangers and roll cages
(see also DRL). |
|
SAD |
Single Administrative
Document: usually Customs form C88 (frontier declaration). |
|
SAE |
Society of Automotive
Engineers |
|
SBO |
Sales-Based Ordering |
|
SBOL |
Straight Bill of Lading |
|
SCADA |
Supervisory Control And Data
Acquisition |
|
SCI |
Supply Chain Integration:
supply chain elements working together for maximum efficiency. |
|
SCM |
Supply Chain Management.
|
|
SD |
Supplementary Declaration:
Customs term. |
|
SDC |
Sample Data Collection |
|
SDI |
Supplementary Declaration
Import |
|
SDR |
UN currency basket, used for
CMR liability limit, for example. |
|
SDW |
Supplementary Declaration
Warehouse |
|
SEA |
Single European
Authorization: Customs term. |
|
SED |
Shipper's Export Declaration |
|
Set |
Unit in which hanging
garments are transported. |
|
SFD |
Simplified Frontier
Declaration |
|
SITC |
Standard International Trade
Classification: numerical classification system for commodities (UN). |
|
SKD |
Semi Knock-Down: e.g.
of vehicles. See also CKD. |
|
SKU |
Stock Keeping Unit:
individual stock item. |
|
SL&C |
Shipper's Load and Count |
|
SME |
Small to Medium Enterprise. |
|
SMG |
Slow Moving Goods: Can
also refer to a distribution center for such merchandise. |
|
SPIC |
Simplified Procedure for
Import Clearance |
|
S/R |
Storage/Retrieval: see
also P/D. |
|
SRN |
Stillage Returned Note |
|
STSG |
Scottish Transport Studies
Group |
|
SUF |
Second Updated Forecast |
|
SVC |
Satellite Vehicle
Communications: on-board computers, GPS, satellite communications, etc. |
|
SWB |
Short Wheel-Base: small
van or truck (see also LWB). |
|
SWIFT |
Society for Worldwide
Interbank Financial Telecommunications |
|
3PL |
Third-Party Logistics
Provider |
|
T/S |
Terms of Sale |
|
TACA |
Trans-Atlantic Conference
Agreement |
|
T&SO |
Tariff & Statistical Office |
|
TAG |
Track Access Grant:
revenue grants available in Great Britain to help meet rail track charges
for track access, administered by the DETR's FGU (not available in Northern
Ireland). |
|
TBOL |
Through Bill of Lading:
see B/L. |
|
TC |
Traffic Commissioner |
|
TCRM |
Technology-enabled Customer
Relationship Management: using information technology to improve
customer retention in a variety of selling, marketing and servicing arenas.
See also CRM. |
|
TEDIS |
Trade Electronic Data
Interchange System: EU initiative to promote EDI usage. |
|
TENs |
Trans-European Networks:
EU initiative to invest in improvements in transport, energy transport and
telecommunications infrastructure across member states. |
|
TERFs |
Trans-European Railfreight
Freeways (aka TERFFs): EU rail freight network. See also TENs. |
|
TES |
Technology-Enabled Selling:
using information technology as an enabler in all types of selling. |
|
TEU |
Twenty-Foot Equivalent Unit:
a standard measure for containers (see also FEU). |
|
TI |
Temporary Importation:
Customs term. |
|
tihi |
Timarandum Height: i.e.
"layers of" x height - a description of the configuration of cases on a
pallet (a tihi of 8 x 10, means 8 cases per layer by 10 layers high - giving
a total pallet quantity of 80 cases). |
|
TIRRA |
Trucking Industry Regulatory
Reform Act (1994, USA) |
|
TIS |
Technical Interface
Specification |
|
TL |
Truck Load |
|
TM |
Technical Manual. Also
"Trade Mark." |
|
TMS |
Transport Management System |
|
TOC |
Train Operating Company:
a private passenger or freight rail transport company. Also "Theory Of
Constraints" - a management philosophy dealing with system constraints or
bottlenecks. See also CCR. |
|
TOFC |
Trailer On a Flatcar:
aka "piggyback.” See also COFC. |
|
TOPS |
Total Operations Processing
System: UK rail freight tracking system. |
|
TP |
Transporter: usually a
road-going car transporter. |
|
TPL |
Third Party Logistics:
outsourced logistics. |
|
TPP |
Third-Party Provider:
logistics contractor (see also LSP). |
|
TQM |
Total Quality Management:
business management techniques designed to systematically reduce errors and
raise service quality. |
|
TURN |
Trader Unique Reference
Number: Customs term. |
|
TW |
Tare Weight: weight of
truck or container without cargo (but including packing, etc.). |
|
UCC |
Uniform Code Council.
|
|
UCR |
Unique Consignment Reference |
|
UFCs |
Urban Freight Centers:
proposal to bring rail freight to the heart of towns and cities. |
|
UIC |
Union Internationale des
Chemins de fer: international railways federation. |
|
UIRR |
International Union of
Combined Road-Rail Transport Companies |
|
ULSD |
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel:
low-emission vehicle fuel. |
|
UPC |
Unit Product Code: also
"Universal Product Code." |
|
URL |
Uniform Resource Locator:
universal naming system for internet documents. |
|
URTU |
United Road Transport Union |
|
VADS |
Value-Added Data Services.
See also VAN. |
|
VAN |
Value Added Network:
also "Value Added Network Services." See also VADS. |
|
VAR |
Value Added Reseller |
|
VAT |
Value Added Tax: a
purchase tax - currently 17.5% on most goods in the UK. |
|
VCA |
Value Chain Analysis |
|
VED |
Vehicle Excise Duty:
road fund/road tax. |
|
WERC |
Warehousing Education and
Research Council. Professional Association. |
|
VIES |
VAT Information Exchange
System: a system of administrative co-operation between European member
states based on the computerized exchange of VAT registration data and data
collected from VAT-registered exporters. |
|
VIN |
Vehicle Identification
Number |
|
VL |
Virtual Logistics |
|
VMI |
Vendor-Managed Inventory:
retailer sends stock information only to supplier; supplier calculates goods
required and delivers to retailer. Similar to CR. |
|
VMRS |
Vehicle Maintenance
Reporting Standards |
|
WAN |
Wide Area Network:
network with a geographical spread of more than a mile - often comprising
connected LANs. |
|
WERC |
Warehouse Education and
Research Council. Trade association for warehousing professionals. |
|
WIGIG |
When It's Gone It's Gone:
warehouse stock that's not due for replenishment. |
|
WIM |
Weigh In Motion:
technology to determine vehicle weight without requiring the vehicle to be
stationary. |
|
WIP |
Work In Progress |
|
WMS |
Warehouse Management System:
software to manage inventories. |
|
WRD |
Warehouse Removal
Declaration: Customs term. |
|
WTD |
Working Time Directive:
EC Directive covering, inter alia, drivers' hours. |
|
WWW |
World Wide Web: the
multi-media part of the internet you are using now. |
|
X12 |
US EDI standards committee. |
|
X.25 |
A communications standard. |
|
X.400 |
An e-mail standard. |
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