Terms/Definitions

The following are term definitions as published by the IWLA

A	A-Type Warehouse: A public customs warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty) in which anyone can store anything. See also C, D, E.
ABC	Activity- Based Costing : common accounting method used, for example, where there are a number of different clients in a shared warehouse. Also "ABC Analysis" or "ABC Classification": the classification of different stock items in a warehouse in accordance with their importance (e.g. individual sales volumes) - where Class A contains items with the highest volume and Class C the lowest (aka "Distribution by Value").
ABM	Activity-Based Management : application of ABC (Activity-Based Costing) to business performance.
ABP	Asset-Based Provider
ACR	All-Commodity Rate
ADP	Automatic Data Processing
ADR	Regulations for international movements of hazardous goods by road (see also IMDG, RID).
AEA	Association of European Airlines
AFH	Away From Home: FMCG-type products used away from home - e.g. those found in industrial, hotel or institutional applications.
AGV	Automated Guided Vehicle: also AGVS ("Automated Guided Vehicle System").
aka	also known as
ANA	Article Numbering Association: see also EAN.
ANSI	American National Standards Institute: US standards organization (see also BSI, ISO).
AOC	Agent of Change
APS	Advanced Planning & Scheduling: manufacturers' approach to planning and scheduling which deals directly with the constraints of production capacity and materials availability.
AQR	Any Quantity Rate: a fixed rate for transport, with no discount available for larger shipments.
AR	Automatic Replenishment: an extension of QR and CR where suppliers assume responsibility for retail inventories and replenishment (aka "Profile Replenishment").
ASN	Advanced Shipping Notification: electronic pre-notification of an upcoming shipment to the next stage in the supply chain.
ASP	Application Service Provider: application hosting and online network infrastructure for software vendors and end-users.
ASRS	Automated Storage and Retrieval System: automated warehousing.
ATA	Admission Temporaire: or temporary admission (Customs Warehousing term). Also "American Trucking Associations.”
ATS	Automatic Transportation System.
AVI	Automatic Vehicle Identification: applications of this new technology include detecting stolen vehicles and collecting tolls via electronic road pricing.
AVL	Automatic Vehicle Location: electronic location of vehicles using satellite or ground-based tracking. See also AVI, IVHS.
AWB	Air Way Bill
B2B	Business-to-Business
BACS	Bankers' Automated Clearing System
BAF	Bunker Adjustment Factor
BBC	Bumper to Back of Cab: distance between the front bumper of a commercial vehicle and the back of its cab.
BBP	Business-to-Business Procurement
bhp	brake horsepower: unit of engine power.
BI	Business Intelligence
B/L	Bill of Lading. Also: SBOL, TBOL.
BOL	Bill of Lading. Usually B/L.
BOM	Bill of Material
BPI	Business Process Improvement: business improvement practice using performance measurement to reduce or eliminate non-value added activities or costs, while at least maintaining quality, productivity, etc.
BPO	Business Process Optimization (see also eBPO)
BPR	Business Process Re-engineering
BWS	Beers, Wines and Spirits
C	C-Type Warehouse: A physical Customs Warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty) in which the warehouse keeper takes on full responsibility for the goods stored, or owns them. See also A, D, E.
C21	Customs Clearance Request using form C21.
C&F	Cost and Freight: price includes goods and transport.
CAD	Cash Against Documents or "Computer-Aided Design.”
CAF	Currency Adjustment Factor or "Cost And Freight"
CALS CALS	Continuous Acquisition & Life-cycle Support: strategy for streamlining business processes information exchange within an organization (formerly known as "Computer-aided Acquisition and Logistics Support").
CAO	Computer-Assisted Ordering: computerized generation of store replenishment orders from POS, PI and shelf-stock data.
CAST-DPM	Computer-Aided Strategy and Tactics - Distribution Planning Model: proprietary software package designed to optimize vehicle fleets, depot locations, warehouse layouts, etc.
CBD	Cash Before Delivery
CC	Cubic Centimeters (e.g. engine size). Or "Cubic Capacity" (e.g. volume of truck body). Also "Carbon Copy.”
CCR	Capacity Constraining Resource: a bottleneck.
CCTV	Closed Circuit Television: often used in security.
CDG	Carriage of Dangerous Goods: usually expressed as either "CDG Road" or "CDG Rail.”
CDL	Commercial Driving License
CFBR	Customs Freight Business Review
CFCs	Chlorofluorocarbons: range of chemicals at one time widely used in packaging, propellants and refrigerants but now believed to be responsible for the destruction of ozone in the upper atmosphere and consequently global warming.
CFD	Continuous Flow Distribution
CFR	Cost and Freight: also "CAF."
CFSP	Customs Freight Simplified Procedures: rapid release of imports by customs via EDI.
CFT	Cross-Functional Team: a multi-skilled team.
CHIEF	Customs Handling of Import & Export Freight. See also IES and MSS.
CIE	Customs Input of Entries
CIES	The Food Business Forum (Paris)
CIF	Cost, Insurance & Freight: i.e. price includes cost (of goods), insurance and transport.
CIM	International convention on the movement of freight by rail.
CKD	Complete Knock-Down: e.g. deconstruction of vehicles (etc.) for subsequent re-assembly at destination. See also SKD.
CL	Carload: a rail freight term.
CLM	Council of Logistics Management.
CLO	Chief Logistics Officer
CLR	Competitive Line Rate: a rail freight term.
CMR	International convention for the carriage of goods by road.
CNG	Compressed Natural Gas: used as motor fuel (see also LNG, LPG).
COA	Cab Over Engine: truck design where cab unit is positioned directly over the engine.
COD	Cash On Delivery: see also CWO.
COFC	Container On a Flatcar: see also TOFC.
COGSA	Carriage of Goods by Sea Act (USA).
COO	Chief Operating Officer: see also CEO.
CofI	Certificate of Inspection
CofM	Certificate of Manufacture. Also COM.
CofO	Certificate of Origin
CofS	Certificate of Shipment
COM	Certificate of Manufacture. Also CofM.
CPC	Certificate of Professional Competence: a professional standard for UK road haulage operators, administered by the DETR. Also "Customs Procedure Code.”
CPFR	Collaborative Planning, Forecasting & Replenishment
CPG	Consumer Packaged Goods: see also FMCG.
CPT	Carriage Paid To
CR	Continuous Replenishment: a modification of QR which eliminates the need for replenishment orders individual customer's purchases trigger manufacturing and distribution. See also AR and VMI.
CRM	Customer Relationship Management: management concept founded on the discovery that a 5% increase in customer retention can increase a company's profitability by 25—125%.
CRP	Capacity Requirements Planning: the process of establishing, measuring and adjusting limits or levels of capacity - e.g. to determine the human and machine resources required for production.
CRT	Continuously Regenerating Trap: vehicle exhaust system claimed to substantially reduce potentially harmful emissions when used with ULSD.
CS	Customer Service
CSRGT	Continuing Survey of Road Goods Transport: UK government survey.
CT	Channel Tunnel: the 22-mile rail tunnel linking the UK and France.
CUSDEC	Customs Declaration message.
CUSRES	Customs Response message.
CV	Commercial Vehicle: a truck.
CVO	Commercial Vehicle Operations
CWO	Cash With Order: see also COD.
D	D-Type Warehouse: A Customs Warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty) where the value, nature and quantity of goods stored are established when the goods arrive (but not when they leave). See also A, C, E.
DAF	Delivered At Frontier
DC	Distribution Center. Also RDC, NDC, EDC, IDC.
DCC	Dedicated Contract Carriage: dedicated contract transport service.
DCM	Distribution Channel Management: strategic management of direct and indirect supply channels.
DDE	Direct Data Entry
DDP	Delivery with Duty Paid: see also "DDU.”
DDR	Driver's Daily Report
DDU	Delivery with Duty Unpaid: see also "DDP.”
DEQ	Delivery Ex-Quay
DES	Delivery Ex-Ship
DI	Direct Input
DIY	Do-it-Yourself: home-improvement merchandise.
DM	Depot Manager or "Depot Maintenance."
DOA	Dead On Arrival: imperfect delivery.
DOG	Daily Order Generation
DOT	US Department of Transportation (e.g. US): full title in UK is "Department of the Environment, Transport and the Regions" (DETR).
DPO	Documentary Proof of Origin
DRP	Distribution Requirements Planning: sophisticated planning technique where consumer demand sets inventory levels. See also MRP.
DSD	Direct to Store Delivery: a retail delivery which has not passed through an RDC.
DTD	Door-to-Door delivery service.
DUP	Duty Unpaid
DWT	Dead Weight Tonnage: ship's cargo capacity.
E	E-Type Warehouse: A public Customs Warehouse (i.e. where goods are not subject to excise duty) where trader and trader's system are authorized for warehousing, with goods stored at notified storage facilities. See also A, C, D.
E&IC	Excise & Inland Customs
EAI	Enterprise Application Integration
EAN	European Article Numbering: bar code system used primarily in the retail industry and controlled by the European Article Numbering Association.
EAS